Objective To investigate the impact of evidence-based intelligent precision nursing on pain and lumbar spine function of patients with lumbar disc herniation (LDH), and to provide new ideas for its comprehensive treatment. Methods A total of 120 LDH patients who attended the Department of Hand-Foot-Spine Surgery, Sanmenxia Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from April 2022 to March 2024 were selected and divided into an observation group (n=60) and a control group (n=60) using stratified random sampling method. The control group received conventional treatment and nursing care, and the observation group received evidence-based intelligent precision nursing intervention on the basis of the control group, including personalised pain management, lumbar spine function recovery guidance, health education and psychological support. The pain visual analogue score (VAS), Japanese orthopaedic association (JOA) lumbar spine function score and lumbar spine oswestry disability index (ODI) of the two groups were compared before the intervention, 2 weeks and 4 weeks after the intervention. Results After the intervention, VAS, JOA and ODI scores were significantly improved in both groups compared to those before intervention (all P <0.05). The VAS scores of the observation group were significantly lower than those of the control group after 2 and 4 weeks of intervention (P<0.05), whereas the differences between the two groups of JOA and ODI scores were not statistically significant (P>0.05), but they all improved significantly over time (Ptime<0.05), and there was an interaction between the grouping and the time (Pinteraction<0.05). Conclusion Evidence-based intelligent precision nursing can effectively relieve pain, improve lumbar spine function, and enhance the quality of life in patients with LDH, and is worthy of clinical promotion and application.