Objective To evaluate the therapeutic outcomes of laparoscopic surgery for children with cryptorchidism and to identify risk factors influencing surgical timing using Logistic regression analysis. Methods A total of 113 children with cryptorchidism admitted to Kaifeng Children’s Hospital from April 2019 to March 2022 were enrolled. All patients underwent laparoscopic orchiopexy and were divided into a delayed-surgery group (n=50) and a non-delayed group (n=63) based on surgical timing. The surgical success rate, postoperative testicular atrophy incidence, and serum levels of epidermal growth factor(EGF), testosterone(T), 5α -dihydrotestosterone(5α -DHT), and estradiol(E2) were compared between the two groups before and after treatment. Additionally, a self-designed questionnaire was used to collect demographic data, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent risk factors for delayed surgical intervention. Results No significant differences were observed in surgical success rates or postoperative atrophy incidence between the two groups (P>0.05). However, at 6 months post-treatment, the non-delayed group exhibited significantly higher serum levels of EGF, T, and 5α -DHT but lower E2 level compared to the delayedsurgery group (P<0.05). Multivariable Logistic regression revealed that low parental education level, monthly household income less than 5,000 yuan, delayed initial consultation with a pediatric surgeon, and waiting time for surgery ≥ 6 months were independent risk factors for delayed surgical timing (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that the combination of these four factors yielded an AUC of 0.909, outperforming individual predictors (AUC: 0.644, 0.773, 0.767, and 0.637, respectively), indicating their joint predictive utility for surgical timing. Conclusion The delayed surgical timing for children with cryptorchidism can affect the therapeutic effect of laparoscopic surgery to a certain extent. Low parental educational level, family monthly income less than 5,000 yuan, late visit to pediatric surgeons for the first diagnosis, and waiting time for surgery ≥ 6 months are the risk factors leading to the delayed surgical timing.